IRIA News

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U.S. President Donald Trump unveiled full details of 28-point peace plan for Ukraine, outlining extensive territorial concessions, restrictions on Ukraine’s military, and a pathway for Russia to be reintegrated into the G8.

The draft proposal, prepared quietly by American and Russian intermediaries, has been shared with senior Ukrainian officials and is being pushed on what is being described as an “aggressive timeline.”

According to the plan, Ukraine would be required to cap its armed forces at 600,000 personnel, which currently stands at 800,000–900,000. The document also obligates Kyiv to amend its constitution to permanently renounce any future NATO membership, while NATO itself would adopt a rule formally barring Ukraine from joining.

Only one line of the plan refers to “security guarantees” for Ukraine, and the text prohibits any deployment of NATO troops on Ukrainian territory.

Ukraine would also be barred from possessing long-range missiles capable of striking Russian cities. Foreign fighter jets intended to support Ukraine would be stationed in Poland.

On territorial questions, Crimea, along with the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of the Donbas, would be internationally recognized as de facto Russian, according to the proposed plan.

Ukrainian forces would withdraw from the remaining part of Donetsk that they control, which would become a demilitarized buffer zone acknowledged internationally as Russian territory. The frontline areas of Kherson and Zaporizhzhia would be frozen along current positions.

The Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant would restart under the supervision of the International Atomic Energy Agency, with its electricity divided equally between Russia and Ukraine. Ukraine would also be obligated to hold national elections within 100 days of signing any agreement.

We spoke for almost an hour with U.S. @VP JD Vance and @SecArmy Dan Driscoll. We managed to cover a lot of details of the American side’s proposals for ending the war, and we’re working to make the path forward dignified and truly effective for achieving a lasting peace. I’m… pic.twitter.com/h3uVlnxv2H

— Volodymyr Zelenskyy / Володимир Зеленський (@ZelenskyyUa) November 21, 2025

US and Russia set to Benefit Economically

The plan includes a significant economic component, with major incentives for both Washington and Moscow. Russia would regain access to the global economy through phased lifting of sanctions and a long-term U.S.-Russia economic cooperation agreement covering energy, infrastructure, artificial intelligence, data centers, and Arctic rare-earth mineral extraction.

Of approximately $345 billion in frozen Russian sovereign assets in Europe, Moscow would receive around two-thirds. The remaining $115 billion would be allocated to Ukraine’s reconstruction. A separate U.S.-Russian investment vehicle would manage joint projects funded by the rest of Russia’s unfrozen assets.

The United States would receive 50% of profits from U.S.-led reconstruction efforts, while European countries would be expected to contribute an additional $115 billion.

A Ukraine Development Fund would be created to invest in sectors such as technology, energy infrastructure, data storage, reconstruction of damaged regions, and mineral resource extraction. The World Bank would prepare a special financing package to support these efforts. Russia would also be invited to rejoin the G8.

How was the Proposal Drafted and Delivered

The 28-point document was drafted by Trump envoy Steve Witkoff and Kremlin adviser Kirill Dmitriev, with involvement from Secretary of State Marco Rubio and Trump adviser Jared Kushner. President Trump has personally endorsed the proposal.

Witkoff met Dmitriev during the drafting process, and afterward Witkoff and Kushner presented revised elements of the plan to Rustem Umerov, Ukraine’s national security adviser.

Earlier this week, Umerov was shown the full proposal in Miami. According to a senior U.S. official quoted by U.S. media, he “agreed to the majority of the plan” after making some adjustments and relayed it to President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

U.S. Army Secretary Dan Driscoll later presented the plan to Zelenskyy in writing. Sources say the United States wants Zelenskyy to sign the agreement before Thanksgiving, though officials in Kyiv believe the timeline is too compressed for substantive negotiations.

Zelenskyy says Ukraine Risks Losing Dignity or US Support Over Plan

Zelenskyy warned that Ukraine faces “one of the most difficult moments” in its history, and the risk of losing its dignity or U.S. backing over the U.S. peace plan, widely seen as favoring Russia. Trump has given Ukraine less than a week to accept his plan, according to Reuters.

“The pressure on Ukraine is now at its most intense. Ukraine may now face a very difficult choice: either the loss of dignity, or the risk of losing a key partner, or 28 difficult points, or an extremely harsh winter,” Zelenskyy said.

He confirmed that the American side had presented “points of a plan to end the war, their vision,” and that he had communicated Ukraine’s own principles and that joint teams would work to ensure the proposals are “genuine.” He added that Ukraine would offer “arguments” and “alternatives” to the U.S. plan, saying, “We did not betray Ukraine then, we will not do so now.”

Ukraine has repeatedly rejected similar concessions in the past, particularly the surrender of Donbas territory and a neutrality pledge that permanently excludes NATO membership. Kyiv insists that any peace deal must ensure its sovereignty and territorial integrity under international law.

Russia says it is yet to Receive the Plan Officially

Despite the level of detail circulating publicly, the Kremlin claims it has not been formally presented with the document.

Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov said Russia had seen “some new elements” in reports about the proposal, but “officially we haven’t received anything,” and that “there has been no substantive discussion.” He said Russia remains “completely open to peace talks.”

Unnamed sources quoted in Western coverage described the proposal as “heavily tilted towards Vladimir Putin” and “very comfortable for Putin.”

Russian President Vladimir Putin said on Friday that he believes Trump’s 28-point peace plan could serve as the basis for a peace deal, while stressing that more negotiations are still needed.

European Allies Push Back

Severak European leaders have affirmed support for Ukraine since the details of Trump’s proposal were released, vowing to stand by Kyiv. European governments signaled opposition to plans, arguing that it requires disproportionate concessions from Ukraine and risk enabling future Russian pressure.

French Foreign Minister Jean-Noel Barrot said, “Ukrainians want peace, a just peace that respects everyone’s sovereignty, a durable peace that can’t be called into question by future aggression… But peace cannot be a capitulation.”

EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas said any plan must involve both Ukrainians and Europeans, emphasizing that “we have to understand that in this war, there is one aggressor and one victim. So we haven’t heard of any concessions on the Russian side.”

Ukraine faces Military and Political Strains

The emergence of the plan comes at a moment of strain for Kyiv. Russian forces have made small territorial gains in the east and near Zaporizhzhia. Ukraine’s military faces personnel shortages, with reports that four out of five Ukrainians called up for training are attempting to flee, and 21,000 deserters were recorded last month.

Ukraine is also grappling with fallout from a corruption scandal that led to the dismissal of the energy and justice ministers this week.

Meanwhile, Russia continues to strike civilian infrastructure. A missile and drone attack in western Ukraine killed at least 26 people, including three children, after a residential block was hit in Ternopil. Another attack in Zaporizhzhia killed five and injured three.

Senior U.S. officials insist the plan is “good for both Russia and Ukraine” and remains a “live document” that can change through negotiation. They argue that without a settlement, Ukraine risks losing more territory.

For now, Kyiv says it will study the proposal, present alternatives, and continue consultations with Washington. Moscow says it is waiting for formal communication. European governments are urging caution.

The timeline set by the United States suggests further announcements may come within days, even as the war continues and uncertainty grows over Ukraine’s negotiating position.